Patricia E. Benner LEVELS OF EXPERIENCE

Patricia E. Benner

LEVELS OF NURSING EXPERIENCE

Novice

   

    BSN New RN, Orient

    Beginner with no experience

    Taught general rules to help perform tasks

    Rules are: context-free, independent of specific cases, and applied universally

    Rule-governed behavior is limited and inflexible

    Ex. “Tell me what I need to do and I’ll do it.”

Advanced Beginner (1-2yrs)

    Demonstrates acceptable performance

    Limited Skills, resources assisted

    Has gained prior experience in actual situations to recognize recurring meaningful components

    Principles, based on experiences, begin to be formulated to guide actions

Competent (2-3 yrs)

    Typically a nurse with 2-3 years experience on the job in the same area or in similar day-to-day situations

    More aware of long-term goals

    Gains perspective from planning own actions based on conscious, abstract, and analytical thinking and helps to achieve greater efficiency and organization

    Make NCP's ADPIE ,no perfect skills

Proficient (3-5 yrs)

    Perceives and understands  situations as whole parts

    More holistic understanding  improves decision-making

    Learns from experiences what to expect in certain situations  and how to modify plans

    With good skills and Help others

Expert (5yrs above)

    No longer relies on principles, rules, or guidelines to connect situations and determine actions

    Much more background of experience

    Has intuitive grasp of clinical situations

    Performance is now fluid, flexible, and highly-proficient and leadership skills